Aprovechamiento de residuos de Eichhornia Crassipes para la remoción de Cr (vi) en aguas residuales simuladas

Alba Nelly Ardila-Arias; Erasmo  Arriola-Villaseñor; William  Álvarez-González; José Alfredo  Hernández-Maldonado; Rolando  Barrera-Zapata

doi:10.33571/rpolitec.v18n35a5

Autores/as

Alba Nelly Ardila-Arias Ph.D. en Ciencias Ingeniería Química, Profesor Titular, Grupo CAMER. Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7675-0647
Erasmo Arriola-Villaseñor MSc. en Ciencias Ingeniería Química, Docente Investigador, Gru-po CAMER. Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1006-7001
William Álvarez-González Tecnólogo en Química Industrial y de Laboratorio, Grupo CA-MER. Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8052-1257
José Alfredo Hernández-Maldonado Ph.D. en Ciencias Ingeniería Química, Docente Investigador nivel SIN-1, UPIIG del Instituto Politécnico Nacional https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0584-3715
Rolando Barrera-Zapata Ph.D. en Ciencias Ingeniería Química Investigador Asociad, Grupo CERES - Agroindustria y Ingeniería. Universidad de Antioquia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-9242

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33571/rpolitec.v18n35a5

Palabras clave:

adsorción de Cr (VI), agua residual simulada, bioadsorbente, Eichhornia crassipes

Resumen

Eichhornia crassipes es una planta considerada una plaga para los diferentes ecosistemas acuáticos en el mundo. Además el Cr (VI) es un contaminante acuático altamente tóxico. Se estudió la capacidad de adsorción de la Eichhornia crassipes como bioadsorbente para la remoción de Cr (VI) presente en un agua residual simulada. La concentración del ion en solución, pH y temperatura fueron estudiadas como variables en un diseño experimental factorial simétrico, y mediante análisis ANOVA. La mayor capacidad de adsorción Cr (VI) (2.5 mgꞏg^-1) se obtuvo a 75 ppm de Cr (VI), pH de 1.5 y 45 °C. Se observaron grupos funcionales superficiales que mediante atracción electrostática y formación de puentes de hidrógeno favorecieron la adsorción de Cr (VI). Esto permite concluir que el bioadsorbente es efectivo para la remoción de Cr (VI) en solución con un proceso simple y de bajo costo.

Eichhornia crassipes commonly called water hyacinth, is a plant considered a pest for the different aquatic ecosystems in the world. Furthermore, Cr (VI) is a highly toxic aquatic pollutant. In order to contribute to the solution of these two environmental problems, the adsorption capacity of water hyacinth as a bioadsorbent was studied for the removal of Cr (VI) in a simulated wastewater. The ion concentration in solution, pH y temperature were studied using a symmetric factorial experimental design y applicating an ANOVA analysis. The highest Cr (VI) adsorption capacity (2.5 mgꞏg^-1) was obtained at 75 ppm of Cr (VI), pH of 1.5 y 45 ° C. Surface functional groups were observed that, through electrostatic attraction y formation of hydrogen bonds, favored the adsorption of Cr (VI). This allows to conclude that this bioadsorbent is effective for the elimination of Cr (VI) in solution using a simple y low-cost process.

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