Sepultar a Pacioli en África. La cosificación de la contaduría por un tenedor de libros
Palabras clave:
contabilidad Africana, Pacioli, eurocentrismo, Diop, contabilidad por partida doble, capitalismo, historia de la contabilidadResumen
La promoción de Pacioli como tecnócrata, desconoce intencionalmente los aspectos sociales de su trabajo y otros textos antiguos, pues constituyen una visión eurocéntrica y post-colonial, que unge al italiano como pionero contable y señala a otras civilizaciones como subdesarrolladas, premodernas, y hasta bárbaras, a las que se puede invadir, ocupar y ‘salvar’. Este documento, en contraste con la sabiduría ortodoxa, busca redimir la noción de ‘Contaduría’ de Littleton, para que abarque las prácticas contables de diferentes formaciones sociales antiguas y contemporáneas. Así, proponemos sepultar a Pacioli el tenedor, y redimir a Pacioli el actor social, mediante la explicación del incipiente contenido social, cultural y político de su obra, el cual es más explícito en los registros pre-paciolianos, particularmente aquellos de África, que se remontan a los albores de la civilización.
Métricas de artículo
Resumen: 847 PDF: 461Citas
ALEXANDER John R. (2002). History of Accounting. ACAUS, http://www.acaus.org / acc_his.htm#top.
AMBROSE, Stanley. (1982). “Archeology and Linguistics in East Africa”, En: Ehret C. y Posnansky M. (eds), The Archaeological And Linguistic Reconstruction of African History. Berkeley: University of California Press.
AMBROSE, Stanley, HIVERNEL, F. y NELSON, C. M. (1980). ‘The Taxonomic Status of the Kenya Capsian’, En: Ogot B.A. y Leaky R.E. (eds.) Proceedings of the 8th. Pan-African Congress of Prehistory and Quarternary Studies, Nairobi.
AMBROSE, S.H. (1998). ‘Chronology of the Later Stone Age and food production in East Africa’ Journal of Archaeological Science, 25, pp. 377-392.
AMBROSE, S.H. (2001a). ‘East African Neolithic’. En: P.N. Peregrine & M. Ember (eds.), Encyclopedia of Prehistory. Nueva York: Kluwer Academic. pp. 97-109.
AMBROSE, S.H. (2001b). ‘Middle and Later Stone Age Settlement Patterns in the Central Rift Valley, Kenya: Comparisons and Contrasts’, En: N. Conard (ed.), Settlement Dynamics of the Middle Paleolothic and Middle Stone Age. Tübingen: Kerns Verlag.
AMBROSE, S.H. y SIKES N.E. (1991). ‘Soil carbon isotope evidence for Holocene habitat change in the Kenya Rift Valley’. Science.
AMIN, Samir, (1988). ‘Eurocentrism’, Monthly Review.
ARONOWITZ, S., y GIROUX, H. (1991). Postmodern Education: Politics, Culture, & Social Criticism Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
ARONSON G., GRIESMER, J., KOELLER, D. W. y SKOGLUND, F. (1999). The Conference Berlin, 1884 http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/Africa/BerlinConf. CP.html.
ARONSON, Goran, (1999). The Berlin Conference: 1884, http://www. BerlinConference%201884.htm.
ARTHUR, Chris. (1979). ‘Dialectic of the Value Form’, En: Elson, Diane (editor) Value: The Representation of Labour in Capitalism. Londres: CSE Books.
BAKRI, Al (1913). Description de L’Afrique Septentrional. por Slane. Argel: Typographie Adolphe Jourdan.
BAKRI Al, (s.f.). Notes Sur Le Pays Des Noirs. Argel: Typographie Adolphe Jourdan.
BALASSE, M., AMBROSE, S.H., SMITH, A.B. y PRICE, T.D. (2002). ‘The seasonal mobility model for prehistoric herders in the Southwestern Cape, South Africa assessed by isotopic analysis of bovid tooth enamel’ Journal of Archaeological Science.
BLAUT, J.M. (1993). The Colonizer’s Model Of The World, Guilford.
BLAUT, J.M. (1992). The Debate On Eurocentrism And History, AWP, 1992.
BOAHEN, Adu A. (1985). General History of Africa, Vol. 11, Africa under colonial domination 1880-1935, Berkley: University of California Press.
BODIN, Jean. (1576). Les Six Livres de la Republiques. París.
BRAVERMAN, Harry. (1974). Labor and Monopoly Capitalism: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century. Nueva York: Monthly Review Press.
BROWN, Gene y JOHNSTON, Kenneth S. (1984). Pacioli on Accounting. Nueva York & Londres: Garland Push Inc.
BROWN, Richard. (1905). A History of Accounting and Accountants. Edinburgh: Jack,.
BURCHELL, S., CLUBB, Colin y HOPWOOD, Anthony. (1980). ‘The roles of accounting in organizations and society’, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Volume 5, Issue 1, Pp. 5-27.
BURCHELL, S., CLUBB, Colin y HOPWOOD, Anthony. (1985). ‘Accounting in its social context: Towards a history of value added in the United Kingdom’, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Volume 10, Issue 4. Pp. 381-413.
CAILLE, Rene. (1830). Journal d’un Voyage a Tombouctou, 3 volumes, París, 1830.
CALHOUN, George M. (1926). The Business Life of Ancient Athens. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
CANTILLON, R. (1975). Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en General. París.
CAWS, P. (1965). Philosophy of Science. Nueva York: Van Nostrand.
CAYLEY, Arthur. (1936). The Principles of Double-Entry Bookkeeping. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
CERLING, T.E., QUADE, J., AMBROSE, S.H. y SIKES, N. (1991). ‘Miocene fossil soils, grasses and carbon isotopes from Fort Ternan (Kenya): grassland or woodland?’ Journal of Human Evolution.
CHAMBERS, R.J. (1966). Accounting Evaluation and Economic Behavior. Englewood Cliff s (US): Prentice Hall.
CHATFIELD M. (1974). A History of Accounting Thought. Illinois: The Dryden Press.
CHIERA, Edward. (1938). They Wrote on Clay. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
CHOMSKY, Noam. (1969). ‘Some Empirical Assumptions in Modern Philosophy of Language’, En: Philosophy, Science and Method: Essays in Honor of Ernest Nagel. Nueva York: St(r) Martin’s Press.
COHEN, D. W. y GREENE J.P. (eds.). (1972). Neither Slave Nor Free: The Freedmen of African Descent in the Slave Societies of the New World. Baltimore.
COWARD, Rosalind, y ELLIS, John. (1977). Language and Materialism: Developments in Semiology and the Theory of the Subject. Londres: Rutledge & Kegan Paul.
CURTIN P. D. (1969). The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census. Madison (US).
DART, Raymond. (1925). ‘Australopithecus africanus: The Man-Ape of South Africa’ Nature. Disponible: http://www.nature.com/nature/fow/pdf/11595.pdf
DART, R. y CRAIG, D. (1959). Adventures with the Missing Link. Nueva York: Harper and Brothers.
DELAFOSSE, Maurice. (1913). Haut-Senegal-Niger, 3 volumes. París: Larousse.
DELAFOSSE, Maurice. (1922). Les Noirs de l’Afrique. París: Payot
DEVINE, Carl Thomas. (1985). Essays in Accounting Theory: Studies in Accounting Research 22, Vol IV, V. American Accounting Association.
DEWS, P. (1986). ‘Adorno, Post-Structuralism and the Critique of Identity’, New Left Review, Vol. 157, pp. 28-44.
DIOP, Cheikh Anta. (1979). Nations Negres et Culture, Dakar, París: Presence Africaine.
Diop, Cheikh Anta, Precolonial Black Africa, A Comparative Study of the Political and Social Systems of Europe and Black Africa, from Antiquity to the Formation of Modern States; fi rst edition: Dakar, París, 1960; traducido del francés por Harold J. Salemson, Nueva York: Lawrence Hill Books (Chicago Review Press, 1987).
DIOP, Cheikh Anta. (1991). Civilization or Barbarism: An Authentic Anthropology. Dakar & París: Salemson Harold J. & De Jager.
DIOP, Cheikh Anta. (1981). The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality, Dakar, París, Nueva York: Lawrence Hill and Co.
DUBOIS, F. (1897). Tombouctou la Mysterieuse. París.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA. 2004
ENGERMAN S. L. y GENOVESE, E. D. (eds.). (1975). Race and Slavery in the Western Hemisphere: Quantitative Studies. New Jersey: Princeton Press.
EZZAMEL, Mahmoud y HOSKIN, Keith. (2002). ‘Retheorizing accounting, writing and money with evidence from Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt’. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, Volume 13, Issue 3. Pp. 333-367.
EZZAMEL, Mahmoud. (1997). ‘Accounting, Control And Accountability: Preliminary Evidence From Ancient Egypt’. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, Volume 8, Issue 6. Pp. 563-601.
EZZAMEL, Mahmoud. (1994). ‘The emergence of the ‘accountant’ in the institutions of Ancient Egypt’, Management Accounting Research, Volume 5, Issues 3-4. Pp. 221-246.
FANON, Frantz. (1952). Black Skin, White Masks.
FANON, Frantz. (1965). Studies in a Dying Colonialism.
FANON, Frantz. (1961). The Wretched of the Earth.
FANON, Frantz. (1964). Toward the African Revolution.
FODIO, Dan y OTMANE C. (1898). Nour El-Eulbab, Argel.
FRANK A. G. (1998). Re-Orient, University of California Press.
FRANK, A. G. (2001). Dependent Accumulation and Underdevelopment. Beijing: Yilin Press Humanities and Society Series.
FRANKFORT, Henri, et al. (1954). Before Philosophy. Harmondsworth, (UK): Penguin.
FUSTEL Coulanges de N. D. (1930). La Cite Antique. París: Hachette.
GEIJSBEEK, John Bart. (1914). Ancient Double-Entry Bookkeeping: Lucas Pacioli’s Treatise. Denver: University of Colorado.
GIROUX, Gary. (2005). http://acct.tamu.edu/giroux/FIRST.html
HARPER, Robert F., (1904). trans.: The Code of Hammurabi. Chicago: Chicago University Press,
HERMINGHAUSEN, D. (1964). Herodots Angahen uber Aethiopien. Hamburg.
HERODOTUS. (1899). The Histories of Herodotus. Nueva York: Appleton.
HINSLEY, F.H. (1962). The New Cambridge Modern History, Vol XI. Londres: Cambridge University Press.
HOEFER F. (1852). Chaldee, Assyrie, Medie, Babylonie, Mesopotamie, Phenicie. París: Didot Freres.
HOPWOOD, A.G. (1983). ‘On trying to study accounting in the contexts in which it operates’, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Volume 8, Issues 2-3.
HOPWOOD, A.G. (1987). ‘The Archaeology of Accounting Systems’. Accounting, Organizations and Society, Pp. 207–234.
HOPWOOD, A.G. y JOHNSON, H.T. (1986). ‘Accounting History’s Claim to Legitimacy’, International Journal of Accounting. Pp. 37–46.
HUNT, E, K. (1986). Property and Prophets: the Evolution of Economic Institutions and Ideologies, 5th ed. Nueva York: Harper & Row.
IBN BATTUTA. (1982). Voyages. París: Maspero.
IBN KHALDUN. (1854). Histoire des Berberes et des Dynasties Musulmanes de l’Afrique Septentrionale. 4 vol. Argel.
IBN KHALDUN. (1863-1868). Les Prolegomenes, 3 vol. París: Chicago University Press.
IJIRI, Yuri. (1967). The Foundations of Accounting Measurement. Englewood Cliff s: Prentice Hall.
ILLICH, I., ZOLA, I., McKNIGHT, J., CAPLAN, J., y SHASKEN, H. (1977). Disabling Professions. Boston: Marion Boyars.
ILLICH, Ivan. (1971). ‘Deschooling Society’, Intellectual Digest. Pp. 61-68.
JEFFRIES, C. y MOSS, J. (1997) Early and Medieval African Kingdoms. En: Mann, K. (1996) African Kingdoms of the Past Ghana, Mali, Songhay. Dillon Press. Internet. Recuperado: 25 de Julio de 1998. Available:http://www.coreknowledge.org/ CKproto2/resrcs/lessons/4AFRICA.htm
JOHANSON, D. C. y EDEY, M. A. (1981). “Lucy: The Beginning of Humankind. Nueva York: Simon and Schuster. Disponible: http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/djohanson. html.
JOHNSON, E. A. J. (1937). Predecessors of Adam Smith: The Growth of British Economic Thought. Nueva York: Prentice Hall Inc.
JONES, Gareth Stedman.(1972). ‘History: The Poverty of Empiricism’ in Ideology in Social Science’ En: Readings in Critical Social Theory, Robin Blackburn (ed.), Glasgow: Fontana/Collins.
KRAMER, Samuel N. (1963).The Sumerians: Their History, Culture, and Character Chicago: Chicago University Press.
KATI, Mahmud. (1960): Tarikh El-Fettach, (Timbuktu). Citado por Cheikh Anta Diop. Maisonneuve.
KEISTER, Orville R: (1963). ‘Commercial Record-Keeping in Ancient Mesopotamia.’ Accounting Review N° 38. Pp. 371-76.
KENYATTA Jomo. (1938). Facing Mount Kenya: The Tribal Life of the Gikuyu, Londres: Secker and Warburg.
KNIGHTS, D. y WILLMOTT, H. (1985). ‘Power and Identity in Theory and Practice’, The Sociological Review. Pp. 22-46.
KOLKO, Joyce. (1974). America and the Crisis of World Capitalism. Boston: Beacon Press.
LAMBERT, W.G. (1960). Babylonian Wisdom Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
LEAKEY, Louis S. B. (1935). The Stone of Age Races of Kenya. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
LEAKEY, Louis S. B. (1970). Adam or Ape: A Sourcebook of Discoveries about Early Man. Cambridge (US): Shenkman.
LEAKEY, Mary. (1960). ‘Finding the World’s Earliest Man’. National Geographic Magazine.
LITTLETON, A. C. y YAMEY B. S. (1956). Studies in the History of Accounting, Illinois: Irwin.
LITTLETON, A. C. (1966). Accounting Evolution to 1900. Nueva York: Russel and Russel.
LUCKENBILL D.D. (1927). Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonian. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
MAGSTADT, Thomas M. (1994). Nations and Governments 2a. ed., Nueva York: St. Martins Press.
MALTHUS, R. (1798). Principes D’economie Politique. Londres.
MALYNES G. The Maintenance of Free Trade (Londres, 1622) Disponible en: http:// socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3II3/malynes/malynes.txt
MANDEL, Ernest. (1971). The formation of the Economic Thought of Karl Marx. Nueva York: Monthly Review Books.
MANDEL, Ernst. (1970). Introduction to Marxist Economic Theory, Nueva York: Pathfi nder Press.
MARSHALL, A. (1890). Principles of Economics. Londres: Macmillan.
MARX, Karl. (1977). Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Vol.1, Nueva York: Vintage Books.
MASPERO G. (1894). Histoire Ancienne des Peuples D’orient. París: Hachette.
MISSELDEN, E. (1622). Free Trade. Londres. Disponible en: http://socserv2.socsci. mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3II3/misselden/freetrade.txt
MONTCHRETIEN, Antoine de. (1615). Le Traite D’economie Politique. París.
MUN T. (1959). England’s Treasure by Foreign Trade (Londres, 1664). Disponible en: http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3II3/mun/treasure.txt
MURRAY, Fergus. (1991). ‘Technical Rationality and the IS Specialist: Power, Discourse and Identity,’ Critical Perspectives on Accounting, Vol. 2, N° 1. Pp. 59-82.
O’BRIEN, ‘The Berlin Conference: The General Act of Feb 26, 1885’, http://web.jiav. cuny.edu/-iobrien/reference/ob45.html
PACIOLI, Luca En: Brown, Gene y Johnston, Kenneth S. (eds.) (1984). Pacioli on Accounting. Nueva York and Londres: Garland Push. Inc.
PERAGALLO, Edward. (1938). Origin and Evolution of Double Entry Bookkeeping, A Study of Italian Practice from the Fourteen Century. Nueva York: American Institute Publishing Co.
PRITCHARD J. B. (ed.). (1969). Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Princeton (US): Princeton University Press.
QUESNAY Francois. (1910). Grains, Fermiers, Hommes, Evidence, le Tableau Economique. En: Weulersse, G., Le Mouvement Physiocratique en France de 1756 a 1770. París: Alcan.
ROSENBERG, Matt, (2004). ‘Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 to Divide Africa’, http:// geography.about.com/com/sc/politicalgeog/a/berlinconference.htm
ROSTOW, W. (1960). The Stages of Economic Growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
ROUX G. (1966). Ancient Iraq. Harmondsworth (UK): Penguin.
SADI. Tarikh al-Sudan. Timbuktu, Siglo XVI
SAID, Edward. (1994). Culture and Imperialism. París: Vintage.
SAY, J. B. (1852). Cours Complet D’economie Politique. París: Guillaumin.
SCHELLE, G. (1920). Les Oeuvres de Turgot. París.
SCHMANDT-BESSERAT, Denise. (1992). Before Writing, From Counting to Cuneiform, Austin: University of Texas Press.
SCHMANDT-BESSERAT, Denise. (1996). When Writing Came About, Austin: University of Texas Press.
SCHMANDT-BESSERAT, Denise. (1999). The History of Counting. Nueva York: Morrow Junior Books.
SCHUMPETER, J. A. History of Economic Analysis. Londres: Allen & Unwin.
SENDER, J. y SMITH, S. (1986). The Development of Capitalism in Africa. Londres: Methuen.
SHRAPNEL, John. (2003). , http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/2003/learnthink. shtml
SPEISER E.A. (1969). ‘Akkadian Myths and Epics’. En: J. B. Pritchard (ed): Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Princeton (US): Princeton University Press.
SMITH, Adam. (1904). An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Londres: Cannan.
SNOWDEN, Frank M. Jr. (1970). Blacks in Antiquity, Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman, Experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
SOCQUET, M. (1952). Manuel-Grammaire Mossi, Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire, En: Initiations Africaines, volume IV. Dakar: IFAN.
SOGIN, Mitchell. (2004). http://www.pbs.org/keet/shapeofl ife/episodes/origins_ explo2.html
SPENCER, H. (1910). Highways of Progress. Nueva York.
STERLING, R.R. (1970). Theory of the Measurement of Enterprise Income. University of Kansas Press.
STEUART James Sir. (1767). An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Economy. Coltness (Sc.).
STOTT, J.S; EVERSHED, A.W., ROGERS, R.P. y AMBROSE, S.H. (2001). ‘Animal feeding experiments in the development of cholesterol as a paleodietary indicator’. En: A. Millard (ed.) Archaeological Sciences ‘97. BAR (International Series) N° 939. Oxford: Oxbow Books. Pp. 68-77.
TAYLOR, R. Emmett. (1942). No Royal Road: Luca Pacioli and his Times, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
TINKER, T., LEHMAN, C.; y NEIMARK, M. (1988). ‘Bookkeeping for Capitalism: Reproducing Unequal Exchange through Professional Accounting Practice’. En: Vincent Mosco (ed.) The Political Economy of Information. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
TINKER, T. (1985). Paper Prophets: A Social Critique of Accounting. Nueva York: Praeger Publishers.
TROUILLOT M. R. (1995). Silencing the Past-Power and the Production of History. Beacon.
WALSH, Conal. (2004). ‘Descendants of America’s Slaves sue Lloyds for $1B’. Guardian Weekly. April 1 - 7.
WEIMAN, Ted. (1997a). African Archaeology: The Search for the Beginnings of Human Kind. http://www.utexas.edu/courses/wilson/ant304/ projects/projects97/weimanp/ weimanp.html
WEIMAN Ted. (1997b). The Evidence: Hominid Fossils, http://www.utexas.edu / courses/wilson/ ant304/projects/projects97/weimanp/fossils.html
WINJUM, James O.(r). (1971). ‘Accounting and the Rise of Capitalism: An Accountant’s View’. Journal of Accounting Research Pp. 333-350.
WOLDE, Gabriel, HAILE-SELASSIE, Y., RENNE, P.R., HART, W.K., AMBROSE, S.H., ASFAW, B., HEIKEN, G. y WHITE, T. (2001). ‘Geology and paleontology of the late Miocene Middle Awash Valley, Afar Rift, Ethiopia’. Nature.
WOLFF, Jacques. (1978). Les Grandes Oeuvres Economiques, vol.1 y 2, París: Cujas.
YAMEY, B. S. (1982). Further Essays on the History of Accounting. Nueva York – Londres: Garland Publishing.
YAMEY, B. (ed.). (1978). The Historical Development of Accounting: A Selection of Papers. Nueva York: Arno Press.
YAMEY, Basil S.(r). (1949). ‘Scientifi c Bookkeeping and the Rise of Capitalism’. The Economic History Review, 2a. serie, 1,2 & 3 Pp. 99-113.
YAMEY, Basil S.(r). (1964). ‘Accounting and the Rise of Capitalism: Further Notes on a Theme by Sombart’. Journal of Accounting Research, Pp. 117-136.
YAMEY, Basil S.(r). (1975). ‘Notes on Double-Entry Bookkeeping and Economic Progress’. The Journal of European Economic History, Pp. 717-723.