Desafíos del emprendimiento universitario en Méjico frente a los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33571/teuken.v11n16a7Palabras clave:
emprendimiento universitario, objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, sostenibilidadResumen
El emprendimiento universitario emerge como una estrategia para el desarrollo económico y social, que configura una senda para impulsar la generación de empleos, innovación y el crecimiento económico sostenible. Los retos que implica la sostenibilidad, plasmados en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), simbolizan áreas de oportunidad para emprendedores. El artículo identifica los desafíos del emprendimiento universitario frente a los ODS. Para ello, primero se hace una revisión de la literatura sobre el emprendimiento, se caracteriza el emprendimiento en Méjico y finalmente se analiza cómo los ODS representan oportunidades para los emprendedores. Los hallazgos identifican el vínculo entre la oportunidad del emprendimiento como una solución al cambio climático y degradación ambiental, así como el papel que las universidades deberán desempeñar en este proceso.Métricas de artículo
Resumen: 847 PDF: 544Métricas PlumX
Citas
ACS, Zoltan, SZERB, László & LLOYD, Ainsley. (2017). Mapping the global entrepreneurial ecosystem. Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index 2017. 1a ed. Washington: Springer. 119 pp.
AROCENA, Rodrigo & SUTZ, Judith. (2005). Latin American Universities: From an Original Revolution to an Uncertain Transition. Higher Education, Vol. 50. Pp. 573-592. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6367-8
ALMEIDA, Cecilia, BONILLA, Silvia, GIANNETTI, Biagio & HUISINGH, Donald. (2013). Cleaner Production initiatives and challenges for a sustainable world: an introduction to this special volume. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 47, No. 1. Pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.03.010
BAKKER, Karen. (2014). The Business of Water: Market Environmentalism in the Water Sector. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. Vol. 39. No. 1. Pp. 469-494. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-070312-132730
BELITSKI, Maksim, AGINSKAJA, Anna & MAROZAU, Radzivon. (2019). Commercializing university in transition economies: technology transfer offices or direct industrial funding. Research Policy, Vol. 48, No. 3. Pp. 601-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.10.011
BEN, Youssef, BOUBAKER, Adel & OMRI, Anis. (2018). Entrepreneurship and sustainability: the need for innovative and institutional solutions. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, Vol. 129, No. 1. Pp. 232-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.11.003
BID (2017). 13 startups Disruptivas de América Latina que usan la creatividad para mejorar sus vidas. Disponible en Internet: https://blogs.iadb.org/industrias-creativas/es/13-startups-disruptivas-de-america-latina-y-el-caribe-que-estan-usando-la-creatividad-para-mejorar-vidas/ Consultado: 04.12.2019.
BIÉNABE, Estelle, RIVAL, Alain & LOEILLET, Denis. (2017). Sustainable Development and Tropical Agri-chains. 1ª ed. Dordrecht: Springer. 357 pp.
CANTÚ-ORTIZ, Francisco Javier, GALEANO, Nathalíe, MORA-CASTRO, Patricia & FANGMEYER, James. (2017). Spreading academic entrepreneurship: Made in Mexico. Business Horizons, Vol. 60, No. 4. Pp. 541-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2017.04.002
CERVANTES, Mario. (2003). Universidades y organismos públicos de investigación: utilización de la propiedad intelectual, concretamente las patentes, para promover la investigación y crear start-ups innovadoras. Disponible en Internet: http://www.wipo.int/sme/es/documents/academic_patenting.htm Consultado: 03.12.2019.
CHIRAMBO, Dumisani. (2018). Leaving No-One Behind: Improving Climate Change and Entrepreneurship Education in Sub-Saharan Africa Through E-Learning and Innovative Governance Systems (pp. 33-47). En: AZEITEIRO, Ulises; LEAL FILHO, Walter y AIRES, Luisa (Edits.), Climate Literacy and Innovations in Climate Change Education. Suiza: Springer International Publishing.
CLARK, Mario Burton. (1998). Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organizational Pathways of Transformation. 1ª ed. Nueva York: Pergamon Press. 180 pp.
CEPAL. (2010). Espacios Iberoamericanos. Vínculos entre universidades y empresas para el desarrollo tecnológico. 1ª ed. Santiago de Chile: CEPAL-CEGIB. 108 pp.
CRISCUOLO, Chiara, GAL, Peter & MENON, Carlo. (2014). The dynamics of employment growth: New evidence from 18 countries. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, Vol. 14. No. 1. Pp. 1-96. https://doi.org/10.1787/5jz417hj6hg6-en
DHAHRI, Sabrine y OMRI, Anis. (2018). Entrepreneurship contribution to the three pillars of sustainable development: What does the evidence really say? World Development, Vol. 106, No. 1. Pp 64-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.008
DISRUPTIVOTV. (2015). Startup México presenta sus 33 nuevas Startups. Disponible en Internet: https://disruptivo.tv/columnas-y-notas/graduacion-startup/ Consultado: 02.12.2019.
DISTERHEFT, Antje, CAEIRO, Sandra, AZEITEIRO Ulisses & FILHO, Walter. (2015). Sustainable universities. A study of critical success factors for participatory approaches. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 106, No. 1. Pp. 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.01.030
DRUCKER, Peter Ferdinand. (1985). La innovación y el empresario innovador: la práctica y los principios. 1ª ed. Barcelona: Edhasa, 307 pp.
EICHLER, Georg & SCHWARZ, Erich. (2019). What sustainable development goals do social innovation address? A systematic review and content analysis of social innovation literature. Sustainability, Vol. 11, No. 522. Pp. 3-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020522
ENTREPRENEUR (2016). Estas son las 14 startups más disruptivas en América Latina, Disponible en Internet: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/282420 Consultado 02.12.2019.
ETZKOWITZ, Henry. (2016). The entrepreneurial university: vision and metrics. Industry and Higher Education, Vol. 30, No. 2. Pp. 83-97. https://doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2016.0303
ETZKOWITZ, Henry. (1983) Entrepreneurial scientist and entrepreneurial universities in American academic science. Minerva, Vol. 21, No. 2-3. Pp. 198-233. Disponible en Internet: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41820527?seq=1
ETZKOWITZ, Henry & KLOFSTEN, Magnus. (2005). The innovating region: toward a theory of knowledge-based regional development. R&D Management, Vol. 35, No. 3. Pp. 246-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2005.00387.x
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2014). Green Action Plan for SMEs: Enabling SMEs to turn environmental challenges into business opportunities. Disponible en Internet: https://ec.europa.eu/growth/content/green-action-plan-smes-turning-environmental-challenges-business-opportunities-0_en Consultado: 29.11.2019.
FAIRLIE, Robert & WOODRUFF, Christopher. (2005). Mexican Entrepreneurship: A Comparison of Self-Employment in Mexico and the United States. Working paper 11527 (pp. 123-158). En: BORJAS, George J. Mexican Immigration to the United States. Cambridge: University of Chicago Press - National Bureau of Economic Research.
FICHTER, Klaus & TIEMANN, Irina. (2018). Factors influencing university support for sustainable entrepreneurship: Insights from explorative case studies. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 175 No. 1. Pp. 512-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.031
FICHTER, Klaus & CLAUSEN, Jens. (2016). Diffusion dynamics of sustainable innovation-insights of diffusion patterns based on the analysis of 100 sustainable product and service innovation. Journal Innovation Management, Vol. 4, No. 2. Pp. 30-67. https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_004.002_0004
FIGUEIRÓ, Paola & RAUFFLET, Emmanuel. (2015). Sustainability in high education: systematic review with focus on management education. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 106, No. 1. Pp. 22-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.118
FORBES (2013). 10 startup mexicanas listas para cambiar al mundo, Disponible en Internet: forbes.com.mx/10-startups-mexicanas-listas-para-cambiar-el-mundo/ Consultado: 28.11.2019.
GALLI, Alessandro, ĐUROVIĆ, Gordana, HANSCOM, Laurel & KNEŽEVIĆ, Jelena. (2018). Think globally, act locally: Implementing the sustainable development goals in Montenegro. Environmental Science and Policy, Vol. 84, No.1. Pp. 159-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.03.012
GEBAUER, Heiko & JENNINGS SAUL, Caroline. (2014). Business model innovation in the water sector in developing countries. Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 488-489, No. 1. Pp. 512-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.046
GIBBONS, Michael, LIMOGES, Camille, NOWOTNY, Helga, SCHWARTZMAN, Simon, SCOTT, Peter & TROW, Martin. (1994). The New Production of Knowledge. 1ª ed. Londres: Sage Publications Ltd. 179 pp.
GUERRERO, Maribel, URBANO, David, FAYOLLE, Alain, KLOFSTEN, Magnus & MIAN, Sarfraz. (2016). Entrepreneurial Universities: Emerging Models in the New Social and Economic Landscape. Small Business Economics, Vol. 47, No. 3. Pp. 551–563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9755-4
GUERRERO, Maribel, CUNNINGHAM, James & URBANO, David. (2015). Economic Impact of Entrepreneurial Universities’ Activities: An Exploratory Study of the United Kingdom. Research Policy, Vol. 44, No.3. Pp. 748-764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.10.008
HALL, Jeremy, DANEKE, Gregory & LENOX, Michael. (2010). Sustainable development and entrepreneurship: past contributions and future directions. Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 25, No. 5. Pp. 439-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.01.002
HERNÁNDEZ, Carlos y ARANO, Raúl Manuel. (2015). El desarrollo de la cultura emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios para el fortalecimiento de la visión empresarial. Ciencia Administrativa, Vol. 1, No. 1. Pp. 28-37. Disponible en Internet: https://www.uv.mx/iiesca/files/2012/10/04CA201501.pdf
JAFFE, Adam B., LERNER, Josh, STERN, Scott & THURSBY, Marie C. (2007). Academic Science and Entrepreneurship: Dual Engines of Growth? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 63 No. 4. Pp. 573-576. Disponible en Internet: https://www.nber.org/books/jaff05-2
KANTIS, Hugo, ISHIDA, Masahiko & KOMORI, Mashahiko. (2002). Empresarialidad en economías emergentes: creación y desarrollo de nuevas empresas en América Latina y el Este de Asia. 1ª ed. Washington, D. C.: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. 134 pp.
KLOFSTEN, Magnus, FAYOLLE, Alain, GUERRERO, Maribel, MIAN, Sarfraz, URBANO, David & WRIGHT, Mike. (2019). The entrepreneurial university as driver for economic growth and social change- Key strategic challenges. Technological forecasting & social change. Vol. 141, No. 1. Pp. 149-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.004
LAGERSTEDT, Jessica, AHLGREN, Kajsa & BENGTSSON, Lars A. (2017). Joint business model innovation for sustainable transformation of industries e A large multinational utility in alliance with a small solar energy company. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 160, No. 1. Pp.139-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.151
LANDSTROM, Hans, HARIRCHI, Gouya & ASTROM, Fredick. (2012). Entrepreneurship: exploring the knowledge base. Research Policy, Vol .4, No 7. Pp. 1154-1181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.03.009
LEHMANN, Harry. (2018). Factor X. Challenges, Implementation Strategies and Examples for a Sustainable Use of Natural Resources. 1 ed. Suiza: Springer International Publishing AG. 452 pp.
LEYDESDORFF, Loet & MEYER, Martin. (2010). The decline of university patenting and the end of the Bayh–Dole effect. Scientometrics, Vol. 83, No. 3. Pp. 355-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0001-6
LOCKETT, Andy Geoffrey & WRIGHT, Mike. (2005). Resources, capabilities, risk capital and the creation of university spin-out companies. Research Policy, Vol. 34, No 7. Pp. 1043-1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.006
LOZANO, Rodrigo, LUKMAN, Rebeca K., LOZANO, Francisco José, HUISINGH, Donald & LAMBRECHTS, Win. (2013). Declarations for sustainability in high education: becoming better leaders, through addressing the university system. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 48, No. 1. Pp. 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.10.006
LOZANO GARCÍA, Francisco José; KEVANY Kathleen; HUISING Donald. (2006) Sustainability in higher education: what is happening? Journal Clean Production, Vol. 14, No 9-11. Pp. 757-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.12.006
MÉJICO. CONACYT. (2017). Informe general del estado de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación, México 2017. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología. Disponible en Internet: http://www.siicyt.gob.mx/index.php/transparencia/informes-conacyt/informe-general-del-estado-de-la-ciencia-tecnologia-e-innovacion/informe-general-2017 Consultado: 10.12.2019.
MÉJICO. CONEVAL. (2018). Pobreza en Méjico. Disponible en Internet: https://www.coneval.org.mx/Medicion/Paginas/Pobreza_2008-2016.aspx Consultado: 17.06.2019.
MÉJICO. INCAE (2016). Emprendimiento juvenil en Méjico, Informe Nacional. Disponible en Internet: https://www.incae.edu › files › reporte_nacional_-_mexico_final_corregido. Consultado: 29.11.2019.
MÉJICO. Instituto Nacional del Emprendedor. INE (2016). Diagnóstico 2016, Fondo Nacional del Emprendedor. Secretaria de Economía, Distrito Federal. Disponible en Internet: https://www.inadem.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Diagnóstico_FNE-2016.pdf Consultado: 22.01.2019.
MÉJICO. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. INEGI (2015). Resumen de los resultados definitivos de los censos económicos 2014. Disponible en Internet: https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/programas/ce/2014/doc/frrdf_ce2014.pdf Consultado: 02.07.2016.
MÉJICO. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. INEGI (2018a). Encuesta intercensal 2015. Disponible en Internet: http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/temas/estructura/ Consultado: 18.03.2019.
MÉJICO. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. INEGI (2018b). Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE). Disponible en Internet: http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/temas/empleo/ Consultado: 05.03.2019.
MÉJICO. Observatorio Nacional del Emprendedor (2015). Construcción, generación y análisis de indicadores para medir el estado y evolución del ecosistema emprendedor en México. 1ª ed. Ciudad de Méjico: Secretaría de Economía, Diseño, Evaluación y Análisis de Políticas Públicas/Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. 103 pp.
MOWERY, David C. (2005). The Bayh-Dole Act and High-Technology Entrepreneurship in U.S. Universities: Chicken, Egg, or Something Else (pp. 39-68). En: LIBECAP, Gary, University Entrepreneurship and Technology Transfer: Process, Design and Intellectual Property. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
O’NEIL, Gerald, HERSHAUER, James & GOLDEN, Jay. (2009). The cultural context of sustainability entrepreneurship. Green Management International, Vol. 55, No 1. Pp. 33-46. https://doi.org/10.9774/GLEAF.3062.2006.au.00005
OCDE (2016). Perspectivas económicas de América Latina 2017: Juventud, competencias y emprendimiento. 1ª ed. Paris: OECD Publishing. 335 pp.
OCDE (2018). Employment Outlook 2018, OECD, 2018. Disponible en Internet: http://www.oecd.org/els/emp/oecd- employment-outlook-19991266.htm. Consultado: 23.01.2019.
ONU (2018). Informe de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible 2018. Nueva York. ONU.
PÉREZ, María del Pilar y CALDERÓN, María Guadalupe. (2019). Avances normativos en la creación de empresas spin off universitarias en México. Entreciencias, Vol. 7, No 20, Pp. 53-64. https://doi.org/10.22201/enesl.20078064e.2019.20.68321
PERKMANN, Markus, TARTARI, Valentina, McKELVEY, Maureen, AUTIO, Erkko, BROSTRÖM, Anders, D’ESTE, Pablo, FINI, Ricardo, GEUNA, Aldo, GRIMALDI, Rosa, HUGHES, Alan, KRABEL, Stefan, KITSON, Michael, LLERENA, Patrick, LISSONI, Franceso, SALTER, Ammon & SOBRERO, Maurizio (2013). Academic Engagement and Commercialisation: A Review of Literature on University-Industry Relations. Research Policy, Vol. 42, No 2. Pp. 423-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.09.007
RAMOS, Tomás, CAEIRO Sandra, VAN HOOF Bart, LOZANO Rodrigo, HUISING, Donald & CEULEMAS, Kim. (2015). Experiences from the implementation of sustainable development in higher education institutions: environmental Management for sustainable Universities. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 106. No 1. Pp. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.110
REDEMPRENDIA (2014). Análisis de las actividades de Investigación + Desarrollo + innovación + emprendimiento en Universidades de Iberoamérica. 1a ed. Madrid: Netbiblio. 166 Pp.
RITALA, Paavo. (2019). Innovation for Sustentability: Sceptical, Pragmatic, and Idealist Perspectives on the Role of Business as a Driver for Change (pp. 21-34). En: BOCKEN, Nancy, RITALA, Paavo, ALBAREDA, Laura & VERBURG, Robert (Edits.), Innovation for Sustainability. Suiza: Palgrave Macmillan.
SCHEYVENS, Regina, BANKS, Glenn & HUGHES, Emma. (2016). The Private Sector and the SDGs: The Need to Move Beyond ‘Business as Usual’. Sustainable Development, Vol. 24. No 1. Pp. 371–382. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1623
SCHOAR, Antoinette. (2010) The divide between subsistence and transformational entrepreneurship. Innovation Policy and the Economy, Vol. 10, No 1. Pp. 57-81. https://doi.org/10.1086/605853
SCHUMPETER, Joseph Alois. (1947). The Creative Response in Economic History. The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 7, No 2. Pp. 149-159.
SHANE, Scott & VENKATARAMAN, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research (pp. 171–184). En: CUERVO, Alvaro, RIBEIRO, Domingo & ROIG, Salvador (Edits.), Entrepreneurship: Concepts, theory and perspective. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
SILVESTRE, Bruno. (2015). A hard nut to crack! Implementing supply chain sustainability in an emerging economy. Journal Clean Production, Vol. 96, No 1. Pp 171-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.01.009
SMILOR, Raymond & SEXTON, Ronald. (1987). The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship. 1ª ed. Cambridge: Ballinger Pub. Co. 422 pp.
VAN LOOY, Bart, LANDONI, Paolo, CALLAERT, Julie, VAN POTTELSBERGHE, Bruno, SAPSALIS, Eleftherios & DEBACKERE, Koenraad. (2011). Entrepreneurial Effectiveness of European Universities: An Empirical Assessment of Antecedents and Trade-Offs. Research Policy, Vol. 40, No 4. Pp. 553-564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.02.001
VIVARELLI, Marco. (2013). Is entrepreneurship necessarily good? Microeconomic evidence from developed and developing countries. Industrial and Corporate change, Vol. 22, No 6. Pp. 1453-1495. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtt005
VON GEIBLER, Justus, PIWOWAR, Julius & GREVEN, Annika. (2019). The SDG-Check: Guiding Open Innovation towards Sustainable Development Goals. Technology Innovation Management Review, Vol. 9, No 3. Pp. 20-37. https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1222
WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development). (1987). Our common future. 1ª ed. Oxford: Oxford university Press. 300 pp.
WENNEKERS, Sander, VAN WENNEKERS, André, THURIK, Roy & REYNOLDS, Paul. (2005). Nascent entrepreneurship and the level of economic development. Small Business Economics, Vol. 24, No 3. Pp. 293-309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-1994-8
WIPO (2011). 2011 World Intellectual Property Report. The Changing Face of Innovation. 1ª ed. Ginebra: World Intellectual Property Organization. 184 pp.
WRIGHT, Mike, BIRLEY, Sue & MOSEY, Simon. (2004). Entrepreneurship and University Technology Transfer. Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 29, Nº 3-4. Pp. 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOTT.0000034121.02507.f3
WRIGHT, Mike, CLARYSSE, Bart, LOCKETT, Andy & KNOCKAERT, Mirjam. (2008). Mid-Range Universities’ Linkages with Industry: Knowledge Types and Role of Intermediaries. Research Policy, Vol. 37, No 8. Pp.1205-1223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.04.021
YORK, Jeffrey G. y VENKATARAMAN, Sankaran. (2010). The entrepreneur-environment nexus: uncertainty, innovation and allocation. Journal Business Venture, Vol. 25, No 5. Pp. 449-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.07.007
ZIELINSKI, Tymon, SAGAN, Iwona & SUROSZ, Waldemar. (2018). Interdisciplinary Approaches for Sustainable Development Goals. 1ª ed. Suiza: Springer International Publishing AG. 245 pp.